Comparison · Biomarker vs Biomarker

Creatinine vs eGFR

Creatinine is the thing that is measured; eGFR is the number the laboratory calculates from it. They appear side by side on every kidney blood test, and confusing them is the commonest reason kidney results are misread.

AspectCreatinineeGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate)
What it isA muscle waste product measured directly in bloodAn estimate of filtration calculated from creatinine, age and sex (CKD-EPI equation)
DirectionRises as kidney function fallsFalls as kidney function falls
Unitsµmol/L (UK) or mg/dL (US)mL/min/1.73 m²
Effect of muscle massHigher in muscular people, lower in frail people, for the same kidney functionPartly corrected by age and sex, but still misleading at extremes of muscle mass
Steady stateValid at any time, but lags behind an acute change in filtrationOnly valid when kidney function is stable; not used in acute kidney injury
Threshold useReference interval set by the laboratoryChronic kidney disease staging thresholds (below 60 for 3 months = CKD stage G3 or worse)

Where Creatinine fits

Detecting a change over hours to days (acute kidney injury), where the trend in the measured value matters and the estimate is invalid

Where eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) fits

Staging chronic kidney disease, adjusting drug doses and comparing people of different ages and sexes

Educational content. A comparison explains what each test, marker or medicine is for and how they differ. It is educational and does not say which one a person should have; that decision belongs to the clinician who knows the person and the question.