Body systems
The atlas is organised into nineteen systems, the way anatomy is taught: the skeleton and its joints, the muscles, the heart and vessels, the nervous system and senses, the organ systems of the trunk, the male and the female reproductive organs, and the anatomy after vaginoplasty and after phalloplasty. Each page gives an overview, functions, clinical notes, the organs it contains and every modelled structure, with the system ready to open in 3D.
Skeleton
Bones and cartilage: the body's load-bearing frame.
Joints & ligaments
Ligaments, joint capsules, discs and membranes that bind the skeleton.
Teeth
The permanent dentition: 32 teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
Muscles
Skeletal muscles, tendons and aponeuroses that move the body.
Heart
Chambers, valves and walls of the heart, with the pericardium.
Arteries
Systemic and pulmonary arteries carrying blood away from the heart.
Veins
Systemic and pulmonary veins returning blood to the heart.
Nervous system
Brain, spinal cord, cranial and spinal nerves, ganglia and meninges.
Sensory organs
Eyes and ears with their internal structures.
Respiratory
Nose, larynx, trachea, bronchial tree and lungs.
Digestive
Mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas.
Urinary
Kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra.
Reproductive
The organs of sex, fertility and reproduction: the male organs modelled by BodyParts3D, with the female organs, the breasts and the anatomy of gender-affirming surgery in their own layers.
Endocrine
Hormone-producing glands: thyroid, adrenal, pituitary, pineal.
Lymphatic & immune
Spleen, thymus and lymph nodes.
Skin
The integument: skin and hair.
Female reproductive
The female pelvic organs and the breasts: uterus, cervix, vagina, uterine (fallopian) tubes, ovaries and their ligaments, the bladder, and the breast with its lobes, ducts and nipple, modelled from the NIH Human Reference Atlas and fitted into the reference body.
Vaginoplasty
Schematic anatomy after penile-inversion vaginoplasty: the neovaginal canal, neoclitoris and labia drawn to typical dimensions in the reference pelvis, with the prostate, seminal vesicles and bladder kept.
Phalloplasty
Schematic anatomy after phalloplasty: the neophallus and its glans, the lengthened urethra and the scrotum with testicular implants, drawn to typical dimensions on the reference pelvis.