Biomarker · Other hormones

25-hydroxyvitamin D

Also known as: vitamin D, 25-OH vitamin D, calcidiol

The storage form of vitamin D that the liver makes, the best single measure of vitamin D status and the value the vitamin D test reports.

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Also known as
vitamin D, 25-OH vitamin D, calcidiol
Units
nmol/L or ng/mL
Measured by
Vitamin D test

What it is and what it does

Vitamin D made in the skin by sunlight or taken in food is converted in the liver to 25-hydroxyvitamin D, which circulates for weeks; the kidney then activates a small fraction to calcitriol, the hormone that raises calcium absorption from the gut. The 25-hydroxy form is measured because it reflects the body's supply.

Why it may be higher

  • Excess supplements (rarely, causing high calcium)

Why it may be lower

  • Little sun exposure, darker skin, covering clothing, winter at high latitude
  • Low intake and malabsorption
  • Obesity, older age, chronic kidney and liver disease
  • Some antiepileptics and other medicines

A high or low value can be associated with several different situations. The result is interpreted with other results, symptoms, history and clinical findings.

What can affect the result

  • Season and latitude
  • The assay method, which changes results between laboratories
  • Recent high-dose supplements
Reference ranges. Read against deficiency and adequacy cut-offs that differ slightly between guidelines, reported by the laboratory; not a population reference interval.
Educational content. A biomarker page explains what a substance is and why its level can change. It cannot determine the cause of your result: interpret a result using the range supplied by the laboratory that performed the test, with the clinician who ordered it.